ShellExecute API函数用法简介

有几个API函数都可以实现这些功能，但是在大多数情况下ShellExecute是更多的被使用的，同时它并不是太复杂。

编辑本段原型及参数含义 ShellExecute函数原型及参数含义如下： ShellExecute( hWnd: HWND; {指定父窗口句柄} Operation: PChar; {指定动作, 譬如: open、print} FileName: PChar; {指定要打开的文件或程序} Parameters: PChar; {给要打开的程序指定参数; 如果打开的是文件这里应该是 nil} Directory: PChar; {缺省目录} ShowCmd: Integer {打开选项} ): HINST; {执行成功会返回应用程序句柄; 如果这个值 <= 32, 表示执行错误} //返回值可能的错误有: = 0 {内存不足} ERROR_FILE_NOT_FOUND = 2; {文件名错误} ERROR_PATH_NOT_FOUND = 3; {路径名错误} ERROR_BAD_FORMAT = 11; {EXE 文件无效} SE_ERR_SHARE = 26; {发生共享错误} SE_ERR_ASSOCINCOMPLETE = 27; {文件名不完全或无效} SE_ERR_DDETIMEOUT = 28; {超时} SE_ERR_DDEFAIL = 29; {DDE 事务失败} SE_ERR_DDEBUSY = 30; {正在处理其他 DDE 事务而不能完成该 DDE 事务} SE_ERR_NOASSOC = 31; {没有相关联的应用程序} //ShowCmd 参数可选值:SW_HIDE = 0; {隐藏} SW_SHOWNORMAL = 1; {用最近的大小和位置显示, 激活} SW_NORMAL = 1; {同 SW_SHOWNORMAL} SW_SHOWMINIMIZED = 2; {最小化, 激活} SW_SHOWMAXIMIZED = 3; {最大化, 激活} SW_MAXIMIZE = 3; {同 SW_SHOWMAXIMIZED} SW_SHOWNOACTIVATE = 4; {用最近的大小和位置显示, 不激活} SW_SHOW = 5; {同 SW_SHOWNORMAL} SW_MINIMIZE = 6; {最小化, 不激活} SW_SHOWMINNOACTIVE = 7; {同 SW_MINIMIZE} SW_SHOWNA = 8; {同 SW_SHOWNOACTIVATE} SW_RESTORE = 9; {同 SW_SHOWNORMAL} SW_SHOWDEFAULT = 10; {同 SW_SHOWNORMAL} SW_MAX = 10; {同 SW_SHOWNORMAL}编辑本段例子

调用计算器 ShellExecute(NULL,"open","calc.exe",VBNULLString,VBNULLString,SW_SHOWNORMAL);调用记事本 ShellExecute(NULL,"open","NOTEPAD.EXE",VBNULLString,VBNULLString,SW_SHOWNORMAL); ●hWnd：用于指定父窗口句柄。当函数调用过程出现错误时，它将作为Windows消息窗口的父窗口。例如，可以将其设置为应用程序主窗口句柄，即Application.Handle，也可以将其设置为桌面窗口句柄（用GetDesktopWindow函数获得）。 ●Operation：用于指定要进行的操作。其中"open"操作表示执行由FileName参数指定的程序，或打开由FileName参数指定的文件或文件夹；"print"操作表示打印由FileName参数指定的文件；"explore"操作表示浏览由FileName参数指定的文件夹。当参数设为nil时，表示执行默认操作"open"。 ●FileName：用于指定要打开的文件名、要执行的程序文件名或要浏览的文件夹名。 ●Parameters：若FileName参数是一个可执行程序，则此参数指定命令行参数，否则此参数应为nil或PChar(0)。 ●Directory：用于指定默认目录。 ●ShowCmd：若FileName参数是一个可执行程序，则此参数指定程序窗口的初始显示方式，否则此参数应设置为0。 若ShellExecute函数调用成功，则返回值为被执行程序的实例句柄。若返回值小于32，则表示出现错误。 上述仅仅是ShellExecute函数的标准用法，下面将介绍它的特殊用法。编辑本段2.特殊用法 如果将FileName参数设置为"http:"协议格式，那么该函数将打开默认浏览器并链接到指定的URL地址。若用户机器中安装了多个浏览器，则该函数将根据Windows 9x/NT注册表中http协议处理程序（Protocols Handler）的设置确定启动哪个浏览器。格式一：http://网站域名。 如：ShellExecute(Handle, "open", "http://www.neu.edu.cn", NULL, NULL, SW_SHOWNORMAL);格式二：http://网站域名/网页文件名。 如：ShellExecute(Handle, "open"," http:// ; www.neu.edu.cn/default.htm",NULL,NULL, SW_SHOWNORMAL); 如果将FileName参数设置为"mailto:"协议格式，那么该函数将启动默认邮件客户程序，如Microsoft Outlook（也包括Microsoft Outlook Express）或Netscape Messanger。若用户机器中安装了多个邮件客户程序，则该函数将根据Windows 9x/NT注册表中mailto协议处理程序的设置确定启动哪个邮件客户程序。格式一：mailto: 如：ShellExecute(Handle,"open", "mailto:", NULL, NULL, SW_SHOWNORMAL);打开新邮件窗口。格式二：mailto:用户账号@邮件服务器地址 如：ShellExecute(Handle, "open"," mailto:who@mail.neu.edu.cn", NULL, NULL, SW_SHOWNORMAL);打开新邮件窗口，并自动填入收件人地址。若指定多个收件人地址，则收件人地址之间必须用分号或逗号分隔开（下同）。格式三：mailto:用户账号@邮件服务器地址? subject=邮件主题＆body=邮件正文 如：ShellExecute(handle, 'open', ' mailto:who@mail.neu.edu.cn？subject=Hello＆Body=This is a test',NULL, NULL, SW_SHOWNORMAL);打开新邮件窗口，并自动填入收件人地址、邮件主题和邮件正文。若邮件正文包括多行文本，则必须在每行文本之间加入换行转义字符％0a。 例子(delphi): 在一个应用程序调用c:\Project1.exe; ShellExecute(handle, 'open',"c:\Project1.exe",'字串内容',NULL, SW_SHOWNORMAL); 在Project1.exe里可以调用: procedure TForm1.FormCreate(Sender: TObject); var i:integer; begin for i:=1 to paramcount do if ParamStr(i)<>'' then showmessage(ParamStr(i)); end; 最后的那个参数，为窗口指定可视性方面的一个命令。 请用下述任何一个常数 SW_HIDE 隐藏窗口，活动状态给另一个窗口 SW_MINIMIZE 最小化窗口，活动状态给另一个窗口 SW_RESTORE 用原来的大小和位置显示一个窗口，同时令其进入活动状态 SW_SHOW 用当前的大小和位置显示一个窗口，同时令其进入活动状态 SW_SHOWMAXIMIZED 最大化窗口，并将其激活 SW_SHOWMINIMIZED 最小化窗口，并将其激活 SW_SHOWMINNOACTIVE 最小化一个窗口，同时不改变活动窗口 SW_SHOWNA 用当前的大小和位置显示一个窗口，不改变活动窗口 SW_SHOWNOACTIVATE 用最近的大小和位置显示一个窗口，同时不改变活动窗口 SW_SHOWNORMAL 与SW_RESTORE相同ShellExecute Me.hwnd, "open", "http://wpa.qq.com/msgrd?V=1&Uin=493349636&Site=ioshenmue&Menu=yes", vbNullString, vbNullString, SW_MINIMIZEVB ShellExecute 函数 ShellExecute声明:Private Declare Function ShellExecute Lib "shell32.dll" Alias "ShellExecuteA" _ (ByVal hWnd As Long, ByVal lpOperation As String, _ ByVal lpFile As String, ByVal lpParameters As String, _ ByVal lpDirectory As String, ByVal nShowCmd As Long) As Long 原型:HINSTANCE ShellExecute( HWND hwnd, //父窗口句柄 LPCTSTR lpOperation, //操作,"open","print","explore" LPCTSTR lpFile, //文件名,前面可加路径 LPCTSTR lpParameters, //参数 LPCTSTR lpDirectory, //默认文件夹 INT nShowCmd //显示方式); 打开一个应用程序ShellExecute(this->m_hWnd,"open","calc.exe","","", SW_SHOW );或ShellExecute(this->m_hWnd,"open","notepad.exe","c:MyLog.log","",SW_SHOW );

打开一个同系统程序相关连的文档ShellExecute(this->m_hWnd,"open","c:abc.txt","","",SW_SHOW );

激活相关程序，发送EMAILShellExecute(this->m_hWnd,"open","mailto:xxf@5y6s.com","","", SW_SHOW );

打开文件夹

ShellExecute(handle, "open", path_to_folder, NULL, NULL, SW_SHOWNORMAL)

用系统打印机打印文档ShellExecute(this->m_hWnd,"print","c:abc.txt","","", SW_HIDE);

本函数还可以用来连接到网页，照下面写就行了：ShellExecute 0&, vbNullString, "", vbNullString, vbNullString, vbNormalFocus

或者这样写来发送Email：ShellExecute me.hwnd, "open", "mailto:xxf@5y6s.com", vbNullString, vbNullString, SW_SHOW

另外有ShellExecute的替代用法，更加简单实用，不用API，一句Shell搞定！

连接到网页： Shell "rundll32.exe url.dll,FileProtocolHandler "打开文件： Shell "rundll32.exe url.dll,FileProtocolHandler " & App.Path & "SHELLTST.TXT"

ShellExecute API应用整理

作者: yanek

1． 执行"打开"，"查找"，"资源管理器"和"打印"必要的声明：' nShowCmdPublic Const SW_HIDE = 0Public Const SW_SHOWNORMAL = 1Public Const SW_SHOWMINIMIZED = 2Public Const SW_SHOWMAXIMIZED = 3Public Const SW_MAXIMIZE = 3Public Const SW_SHOWNOACTIVATE = 4Public Const SW_SHOW = 5Public Const SW_MINIMIZE = 6Public Const SW_SHOWMINNOACTIVE = 7Public Const SW_SHOWNA = 8Public Const SW_RESTORE = 9

' Error CodePublic Const ERROR_FILE_NOT_FOUND = 2Public Const ERROR_PATH_NOT_FOUND = 3Public Const ERROR_BAD_FORMAT = 11

Public Const SE_ERR_FNF = 2Public Const SE_ERR_PNF = 3Public Const SE_ERR_ACCESSDENIED = 5Public Const SE_ERR_OOM = 8Public Const SE_ERR_SHARE = 26Public Const SE_ERR_ASSOCINCOMPLETE = 27Public Const SE_ERR_DDETIMEOUT = 28Public Const SE_ERR_DDEFAIL = 29Public Const SE_ERR_DDEBUSY = 30Public Const SE_ERR_NOASSOC = 31Public Const SE_ERR_DLLNOTFOUND = 32

Public Declare Function ShellExecute Lib "shell32.dll" _ Alias "ShellExecuteA" _ (ByVal hwnd As Long, _ ByVal lpOperation As String, _ ByVal lpFile As String, _ ByVal lpParameters As String, _ ByVal lpDirectory As String, _ ByVal nShowCmd As Long) As Long

"打开"操作 ShellExecute Me.hwnd, "open", Text1.Text, vbNullString, vbNullString, SW_SHOWNORMAL"查找"操作 ShellExecute Me.hwnd, "find", LocalDir,vbNullString, vbNullString, SW_SHOWNORMAL"打印"操作 ShellExecute Me.hwnd, "print",Text1.Text,vbNullString, vbNullString, SW_SHOWNORMAL"资源管理器"ShellExecute Me.hwnd, "explore", LocalDir, vbNullString, vbNullString, SW_SHOWNORMAL打开"我的文档"ShellExecute Me.hwnd, "open", "explorer",vbNullString, vbNullString,SW_SHOWNORMAL打开"我的电脑"ShellExecute Me.hwnd, "open", "explorer", "::{20D04FE0-3AEA-1069-A2D8-08002B30309D}", vbNullString, SW_SHOWNORMAL打开"网上邻居"ShellExecute Me.hwnd, "open", "explorer", "::{208D2C60-3AEA-1069-A2D7-08002B30309D}", vbNullString, SW_SHOWNORMAL打开"回收站"ShellExecute Me.hwnd, "open", "explorer", "::{645FF040-5081-101B-9F08-00AA002F954E}", vbNullString, SW_SHOWNORMAL

ShellExecuteEx API演示必要声明：Public Type SHELLEXECUTEINFO cbSize As Long fMask As Long hwnd As Long lpVerb As String lpFile As String lpParameters As String lpDirectory As String nShow As Long hInstApp As Long ' Optional fields lpIDList As Long lpClass As String hkeyClass As Long dwHotKey As Long hIcon As Long hProcess As LongEnd Type

' fMaskPublic Const SEE_MASK_CLASSKEY = &H3Public Const SEE_MASK_CLASSNAME = &H1Public Const SEE_MASK_CONNECTNETDRV = &H80Public Const SEE_MASK_DOENVSUBST = &H200Public Const SEE_MASK_FLAG_DDEWAIT = &H100Public Const SEE_MASK_FLAG_NO_UI = &H400Public Const SEE_MASK_HOTKEY = &H20Public Const SEE_MASK_ICON = &H10Public Const SEE_MASK_IDLIST = &H4Public Const SEE_MASK_INVOKEIDLIST = &HCPublic Const SEE_MASK_NOCLOSEPROCESS = &H40

Public Declare Function ShellExecuteEX Lib "shell32.dll" _ Alias "ShellExecuteEx" _ (lpExecInfo As SHELLEXECUTEINFO) As Boolean

执行调用"文件属性"对话框 Dim dwReturn As Long Dim lpExecInfo As SHELLEXECUTEINFO With lpExecInfo .cbSize = Len(lpExecInfo) .fMask = SEE_MASK_NOCLOSEPROCESS Or _ SEE_MASK_INVOKEIDLIST Or _ SEE_MASK_FLAG_NO_UI .hwnd = Me.hwnd .lpVerb = "properties" .lpFile = LocalDir & File1.FileName .lpParameters = vbNullChar .lpDirectory = vbNullChar .nShow = SW_SHOWNORMAL .hInstApp = 0 .lpIDList = 0 End With dwReturn = ShellExecuteEX(lpExecInfo)